최신PECB QMS ISO 9001:2015 Lead Auditor - ISO-9001-Lead-Auditor무료샘플문제
문제1
Match each of the following statements into the table below to show whether they apply to first-party audits, second-party audits or third-party audits:
Match each of the following statements into the table below to show whether they apply to first-party audits, second-party audits or third-party audits:
정답:
Explanation:
Table
Statement
First-party audits
Second-party audits
Third-party audits
The audit scope is typically determined by the organisation being audited.
Yes
No
No
The outcome of the audit is typically certification to a recognised standard.
No
No
Yes
The audit scope is typically confined to service/product provision capability.
No
Yes
No
Here is a brief explanation of each statement:
The audit scope is typically determined by the organisation being audited: This statement applies to first-party audits, also known as internal audits, where the organisation audits its own processes and activities to ensure conformity and improvement1. The organisation can decide the scope of the audit based on its own needs and objectives2. This statement does not apply to second-party audits, where the customer audits the supplier, or third-party audits, where an independent body audits the organisation. In these cases, the audit scope is determined by the customer or the certification body, respectively34.
The outcome of the audit is typically certification to a recognised standard: This statement applies to third- party audits, where an independent body audits the organisation to verify that it meets the requirements of a specific standard, such as ISO 9001, and issues a certificate of conformity if the audit is successful34. This statement does not apply to first-party audits or second-party audits, where the outcome of the audit is not certification, but rather self-improvement or supplier qualification13.
The audit scope is typically confined to service/product provision capability: This statement applies to second- party audits, where the customer audits the supplier to ensure that they are meeting the requirements specified in the contract, such as service or product quality, delivery, or performance34. The audit scope is usually focused on the specific aspects of the service or product that are of interest to the customer3. This statement does not apply to first-party audits or third-party audits, where the audit scope is broader and covers the entire quality management system or the relevant clauses of the standard14.
문제2
XYZ Corporation employs 100 people, and during a Stage 1 certification audit, certain issues are identified with the Quality Management System (QMS). Which two options describe the circumstances in which you could raise a nonconformity against Clause 6.2 of ISO 9001:2015?
XYZ Corporation employs 100 people, and during a Stage 1 certification audit, certain issues are identified with the Quality Management System (QMS). Which two options describe the circumstances in which you could raise a nonconformity against Clause 6.2 of ISO 9001:2015?
정답: B,E
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문제3
You are leading a Stage 2 certification audit of a multi-site organisation and have received the audit schedule below; Head Office and Site 1 - Day 1 Site 2 (150 km from HQ) - Days 2 and 3 During Day 1 of the audit, the client informs you that the laboratory at Site 2 has been closed for decontamination due to a serious outbreak of an infectious disease among workers. In Site 2, all other functions could be audited as planned.
As the audit team leader, what would you do?
Choose the best acceptable action you could take:
You are leading a Stage 2 certification audit of a multi-site organisation and have received the audit schedule below; Head Office and Site 1 - Day 1 Site 2 (150 km from HQ) - Days 2 and 3 During Day 1 of the audit, the client informs you that the laboratory at Site 2 has been closed for decontamination due to a serious outbreak of an infectious disease among workers. In Site 2, all other functions could be audited as planned.
As the audit team leader, what would you do?
Choose the best acceptable action you could take:
정답: C
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문제4
You are carrying out an audit at an organisation seeking certification to ISO 9001 for the first time. The organisation offers health and safety training to customers.
You are interviewing the Quality Systems Manager (QSM).
You: " What risks and opportunities have the business identified? "
QSM: " I ' 1l show you. This was discussed with the Managing Director at the latest management review. " Narrative: The QSM shows you the latest management review record and points to the following table:
You: " How is the business planning to address these risks and opportunities? " QSM: " The MD said that they already knew about them so it was not necessary. "
You are carrying out an audit at an organisation seeking certification to ISO 9001 for the first time. The organisation offers health and safety training to customers.
You are interviewing the Quality Systems Manager (QSM).
You: " What risks and opportunities have the business identified? "
QSM: " I ' 1l show you. This was discussed with the Managing Director at the latest management review. " Narrative: The QSM shows you the latest management review record and points to the following table:
You: " How is the business planning to address these risks and opportunities? " QSM: " The MD said that they already knew about them so it was not necessary. "
정답:
Explanation:
Non-Conformity Report:
ISO 9001 Clause Number
Nature of Problem
ISO 9001 Requirement That Has Not Been Fulfilled
6.1.1
Several risks and opportunities have not been determined.
" The organization shall consider the requirements referred to in 4.2 and determine the risks and opportunities that need to be addressed. "
6.1.2 (a)
Actions to address risks and opportunities not planned.
" The organization shall plan actions to address risks and opportunities. " Step-by-Step Reasoning:
Clause 6.1.1 - Determining Risks and Opportunities:
Requirement: The organization must determine risks and opportunities that are relevant to its Quality Management System (QMS). This ensures that the QMS achieves intended results and prevents undesired effects.
Problem Identified: While some risks and opportunities were discussed, the organization did not perform a systematic evaluation of all risks (e.g., health and safety legislation changes, retiring trainers).
Clause 6.1.2 (a) - Planning Actions for Risks and Opportunities:
Requirement: The organization must plan actions to address identified risks and opportunities. These actions should be integrated into the QMS processes to ensure continuous improvement.
Problem Identified: The Quality Systems Manager confirmed that no plans were made to address the risks and opportunities because the Managing Director deemed it unnecessary. This violates the requirement to plan actions.
Correct Options Selected:
Clause 6.1.1 with the nature of the problem as: " Several risks and opportunities have not been determined. " Clause 6.1.2 (a) with the nature of the problem as: " Actions to address risks and opportunities not planned. " ISO 9001 Requirements Not Fulfilled:
For 6.1.1: " The organization shall consider the requirements referred to in 4.2 and determine the risks and opportunities that need to be addressed. " For 6.1.2 (a): " The organization shall plan actions to address risks and opportunities. "
문제5
You are carrying out an audit to ISO 9001 at an organisation which offers consultancy services on the implementation of ISO 9001 quality management systems to manufacturers of cosmetics.
You are interviewing the Technical and Quality Director (TQD), who manages a team of biochemists responsible for providing ISO 9001 consultancy services to customers.
You: "How do you ensure your team's competence concerning regulatory and ISO 9001 requirements?" TQD: "We subcontract a part-time lead consultant who has years of experience working as a biochemist in the cosmetics industry. She is responsible for ensuring the team's competency." You: "Do they retain any documented information on the individual competency of each consultant?" TQD: "No. The lead consultant is a dedicated individual with lots of contacts in the sector. We rely on her decision on the consultants' competency. She says that she thought that it was not necessary to keep documented information; however, after the event two weeks ago, which could not be solved due to the lack of documentation, she may consider in the future to plan which information we may need to keep." You: "How does the organisation enable the consultants you employ to maintain updated their competence on ISO 9001 and regulatory requirements?" TQD: "As I said before, we leave that up to the lead consultant. She tells us when we need to employ more young consultants and when changes are introduced in the applicable regulations. Our regular survey shows that customers are quite satisfied with our consultants; last year's objective of customer satisfaction was achieved. We gave a salary increase to consultants when they knew that the objectives had been achieved." You decide to raise a non-conformity.
To complete the non-conformity report, click on the blank section you want to complete so it is highlighted in red and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, drag and drop the options to the appropriate blank section.
You are carrying out an audit to ISO 9001 at an organisation which offers consultancy services on the implementation of ISO 9001 quality management systems to manufacturers of cosmetics.
You are interviewing the Technical and Quality Director (TQD), who manages a team of biochemists responsible for providing ISO 9001 consultancy services to customers.
You: "How do you ensure your team's competence concerning regulatory and ISO 9001 requirements?" TQD: "We subcontract a part-time lead consultant who has years of experience working as a biochemist in the cosmetics industry. She is responsible for ensuring the team's competency." You: "Do they retain any documented information on the individual competency of each consultant?" TQD: "No. The lead consultant is a dedicated individual with lots of contacts in the sector. We rely on her decision on the consultants' competency. She says that she thought that it was not necessary to keep documented information; however, after the event two weeks ago, which could not be solved due to the lack of documentation, she may consider in the future to plan which information we may need to keep." You: "How does the organisation enable the consultants you employ to maintain updated their competence on ISO 9001 and regulatory requirements?" TQD: "As I said before, we leave that up to the lead consultant. She tells us when we need to employ more young consultants and when changes are introduced in the applicable regulations. Our regular survey shows that customers are quite satisfied with our consultants; last year's objective of customer satisfaction was achieved. We gave a salary increase to consultants when they knew that the objectives had been achieved." You decide to raise a non-conformity.
To complete the non-conformity report, click on the blank section you want to complete so it is highlighted in red and then click on the applicable text from the options below. Alternatively, drag and drop the options to the appropriate blank section.
정답:
Explanation:
Non-conformity Report
ISO 9001 Clause Number:
7.2
Nature of problem:
Documented information is not retained on the necessary competence of consultants with respect to relevant regulatory and ISO 9001 requirements.
ISO 9001 requirement that has not been fulfilled:
ISO 9001 - "The organization shall retain appropriate documented information as evidence of competence." ISO 9001:2015 places a clear requirement on organisations to ensure that persons doing work under its control that affects performance and conformity are competent , and that this competence is demonstrated and evidenced .
Relevant ISO 9001 requirements
* Clause 7.2 - Competence requires the organisation to:
* determine the necessary competence of persons doing work under its control,
* ensure that these persons are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, or experience, and
* retain appropriate documented information as evidence of competence .
In the scenario:
* Competence decisions are entirely delegated to a subcontracted lead consultant.
* No documented information is retained to demonstrate individual consultant competence.
* A recent event could not be resolved specifically due to the absence of documented competence records , which directly confirms non-fulfilment of Clause 7.2.
* Reliance on customer satisfaction results or the personal judgement of a consultant does not replace the ISO 9001 requirement for objective evidence .
Why other clauses are not applicable:
* Clause 7.1 relates to provision of resources, not evidence of competence.
* Clause 7.3 relates to awareness of quality objectives, not competence records.
* Statements such as "consultants are not aware of customer satisfaction objectives" or "persons necessary are not determined" are not supported by the scenario evidence.
ISO-aligned conclusion:
The organisation has failed to retain documented information as evidence of competence for consultants providing ISO 9001 and regulatory consultancy services. This is a clear and justified nonconformity against ISO 9001:2015 Clause 7.2 .
문제6
Scenario 1: AL-TAX is a company located in California which provides financial and accounting services.
The company manages the finances of 17 companies and now is seeking to expand their business even more The CEO of AL-TAX, Liam Durham, claims that the company seeks to provide top-notch services to their clients Recently, there were a number of new companies interested in the services provided by AL-TAX.
In order to fulfill the requirements of new clients and further improve quality, Liam discussed with other top management members the idea of implementing a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001.
During the discussion, one of the members of the top management claimed that the size of the company was not large enough to implement a QMS. In addition, another member claimed that a QMS is not applicable for the industry in which AL TAX operates. However, as the majority of the members voted for implementing the QMS. Liam initiated the project.
Initially, Liam hired an experienced consultant to help AL-TAX with the implementation of the QMS. They started by planning and developing processes and methods for the establishment of a QMS based on ISO
9001. Furthermore, they ensured that the quality policy is appropriate to the purpose and context of AL TAX and communicated to all employees. In addition, they also tried to follow a process that enables the company to ensure that its processes are adequately resourced and managed, and that improvement opportunities are determined.
During the implementation process, Liam and the consultant focused on determining the factors that could hinder their processes from achieving the planned results and implemented some preventive actions in order to avoid potential nonconformities Six months after the implementation of the QMS. AL-TAX conducted an internal audit. The results of the internal audit revealed that the QMS was not fulfilling all requirements of ISO 9001. A serious issue was that the QMS was not fulfilling the requirements of clause 5.1.2 Customer focus and had also not ensured clear and open communication channels with suppliers.
Throughout the next three years, the company worked on improving its QMS through the PDCA cycle in the respective areas. To assess the effectiveness of the intended actions while causing minimal disruptions, they tested changes that need to be made on a smaller scale. After taking necessary actions, AL-TAX decided to apply for certification against ISO 9001.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
The CEO of AL-TAX hired an experienced consultant to help with the implementation of the QMS. Is this required from ISO 9001?
Scenario 1: AL-TAX is a company located in California which provides financial and accounting services.
The company manages the finances of 17 companies and now is seeking to expand their business even more The CEO of AL-TAX, Liam Durham, claims that the company seeks to provide top-notch services to their clients Recently, there were a number of new companies interested in the services provided by AL-TAX.
In order to fulfill the requirements of new clients and further improve quality, Liam discussed with other top management members the idea of implementing a quality management system (QMS) based on ISO 9001.
During the discussion, one of the members of the top management claimed that the size of the company was not large enough to implement a QMS. In addition, another member claimed that a QMS is not applicable for the industry in which AL TAX operates. However, as the majority of the members voted for implementing the QMS. Liam initiated the project.
Initially, Liam hired an experienced consultant to help AL-TAX with the implementation of the QMS. They started by planning and developing processes and methods for the establishment of a QMS based on ISO
9001. Furthermore, they ensured that the quality policy is appropriate to the purpose and context of AL TAX and communicated to all employees. In addition, they also tried to follow a process that enables the company to ensure that its processes are adequately resourced and managed, and that improvement opportunities are determined.
During the implementation process, Liam and the consultant focused on determining the factors that could hinder their processes from achieving the planned results and implemented some preventive actions in order to avoid potential nonconformities Six months after the implementation of the QMS. AL-TAX conducted an internal audit. The results of the internal audit revealed that the QMS was not fulfilling all requirements of ISO 9001. A serious issue was that the QMS was not fulfilling the requirements of clause 5.1.2 Customer focus and had also not ensured clear and open communication channels with suppliers.
Throughout the next three years, the company worked on improving its QMS through the PDCA cycle in the respective areas. To assess the effectiveness of the intended actions while causing minimal disruptions, they tested changes that need to be made on a smaller scale. After taking necessary actions, AL-TAX decided to apply for certification against ISO 9001.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
The CEO of AL-TAX hired an experienced consultant to help with the implementation of the QMS. Is this required from ISO 9001?
정답: B
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문제7
Which two of the following statements related to Stage 1 of an initial certification audit against ISO 9001:
2015 are true?
Which two of the following statements related to Stage 1 of an initial certification audit against ISO 9001:
2015 are true?
정답: D,G
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문제8
You are a member of the audit team of a second-party audit of an organisation with 625 employees. The audit procedure recommends using sampling criteria which requires the review of the documented competence for
25 personnel. The audit team leader developed an audit plan allocating one hour to audit the Human Resources department (from 11:30 am to 12:30 pm). She told you that she could not allocate any additional time.
What would you do?
You are a member of the audit team of a second-party audit of an organisation with 625 employees. The audit procedure recommends using sampling criteria which requires the review of the documented competence for
25 personnel. The audit team leader developed an audit plan allocating one hour to audit the Human Resources department (from 11:30 am to 12:30 pm). She told you that she could not allocate any additional time.
What would you do?
정답: A
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문제9
At the end of a second-party audit, the audit team enters the meeting room to hold the closing meeting; only two people are present and waiting for them: the Health and Safety supervisor and the administrative officer. Neither has participated in the audit. However, the team had previously agreed with the auditee Quality Manager on two nonconformities identified during the audit (NC1 and NC2).
They said:
Health and Safety supervisor: " Good evening. We are sorry to inform you that the general manager was involved in a serious car accident, and the other two managers have had to leave urgently to attend to the emergency. " Administration officer: " Our quality manager, before leaving, left a written message about ' NC2 ' . He declares that the correction and corrective action have been already implemented and has attached some documents to the message as evidence of these actions. Therefore, he expects that ' NC2 ' will not be included in the report. " Which one of the following would be your preferred answer to the Quallty Manager ' s request?
At the end of a second-party audit, the audit team enters the meeting room to hold the closing meeting; only two people are present and waiting for them: the Health and Safety supervisor and the administrative officer. Neither has participated in the audit. However, the team had previously agreed with the auditee Quality Manager on two nonconformities identified during the audit (NC1 and NC2).
They said:
Health and Safety supervisor: " Good evening. We are sorry to inform you that the general manager was involved in a serious car accident, and the other two managers have had to leave urgently to attend to the emergency. " Administration officer: " Our quality manager, before leaving, left a written message about ' NC2 ' . He declares that the correction and corrective action have been already implemented and has attached some documents to the message as evidence of these actions. Therefore, he expects that ' NC2 ' will not be included in the report. " Which one of the following would be your preferred answer to the Quallty Manager ' s request?
정답: A
문제10
You are conducting a Stage 2 audit at an organisation that services refrigeration equipment for a large customer base. The scope of certification is "Provision of refrigeration equipment maintenance and repair services". You are interviewing the Managing Director to learn more about the organisation and to explore how the requirements for policy, objectives, and risks and opportunities in ISO 9001 are addressed.
The Managing Director explains that they only use sub-contract refrigeration engineers and do not have any full-time refrigeration engineers, which helps to optimise overhead costs.
The Managing Director adds that the ISO 9001 requirements for the competence of personnel extend to both sub-contract and full-time staff.
You then asked 2 of the sub-contract engineers what they could do to contribute to the effectiveness of the quality management system, they replied stating that "we are not really sure as we have not been told how we could contribute". The Managing Director added that this is not applicable as they only use sub-contractors who operate ISO 9001 certificated quality management systems. The documented information provided to the auditor confirms this.
Which clause in ISO 9001 has not been fulfilled in this instance?
You are conducting a Stage 2 audit at an organisation that services refrigeration equipment for a large customer base. The scope of certification is "Provision of refrigeration equipment maintenance and repair services". You are interviewing the Managing Director to learn more about the organisation and to explore how the requirements for policy, objectives, and risks and opportunities in ISO 9001 are addressed.
The Managing Director explains that they only use sub-contract refrigeration engineers and do not have any full-time refrigeration engineers, which helps to optimise overhead costs.
The Managing Director adds that the ISO 9001 requirements for the competence of personnel extend to both sub-contract and full-time staff.
You then asked 2 of the sub-contract engineers what they could do to contribute to the effectiveness of the quality management system, they replied stating that "we are not really sure as we have not been told how we could contribute". The Managing Director added that this is not applicable as they only use sub-contractors who operate ISO 9001 certificated quality management systems. The documented information provided to the auditor confirms this.
Which clause in ISO 9001 has not been fulfilled in this instance?
정답: A
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문제11
You, as auditor, are in dialogue with the quality lead and managing director of a small business that supplies specialist laboratory equipment and furniture.
You: " I ' d like to look at how you manage change in the organisation. What changes have you made as a business, say, over the last 12 months? " Auditee: " We have made some strategic changes, the main one being that we no longer manufacture our own products in house. " You: " That sounds like quite a significant change. What has been the impact of that? " Auditee: " We now mainly sell other manufacturers ' products, under their brand names, and have outsourced manufacture of our own brand products to one of our suppliers. Unfortunately, we had to make six members of our staff redundant. This represents about 20% of our workforce, so this has been quite a challenging time. " You: " I ' m sure. What were the reasons for making the change? " Auditee: " Our manufacturing section was a small operation, and we struggled to cope with fluctuations in demand. During busy periods, we found it hard to meet lead times, and in quiet periods we had staff with little to do. This was having an impact on customer satisfaction and meant we had to charge premium prices that made our product uncompetitive. " You: " How did you go about the change? " In relation to the auditor ' s question about how the change was managed, the auditee mentions the steps listed below. Match the ISO 9001 clauses to the steps.
To complete the table, click on the blank section you want to complete so it is highlighted in red and then click on the ISO 9001 clauses listed below. Alternatively, drag and drop each clause to show which step the requirement applies to.
You, as auditor, are in dialogue with the quality lead and managing director of a small business that supplies specialist laboratory equipment and furniture.
You: " I ' d like to look at how you manage change in the organisation. What changes have you made as a business, say, over the last 12 months? " Auditee: " We have made some strategic changes, the main one being that we no longer manufacture our own products in house. " You: " That sounds like quite a significant change. What has been the impact of that? " Auditee: " We now mainly sell other manufacturers ' products, under their brand names, and have outsourced manufacture of our own brand products to one of our suppliers. Unfortunately, we had to make six members of our staff redundant. This represents about 20% of our workforce, so this has been quite a challenging time. " You: " I ' m sure. What were the reasons for making the change? " Auditee: " Our manufacturing section was a small operation, and we struggled to cope with fluctuations in demand. During busy periods, we found it hard to meet lead times, and in quiet periods we had staff with little to do. This was having an impact on customer satisfaction and meant we had to charge premium prices that made our product uncompetitive. " You: " How did you go about the change? " In relation to the auditor ' s question about how the change was managed, the auditee mentions the steps listed below. Match the ISO 9001 clauses to the steps.
To complete the table, click on the blank section you want to complete so it is highlighted in red and then click on the ISO 9001 clauses listed below. Alternatively, drag and drop each clause to show which step the requirement applies to.
정답:
Explanation:
Here is the correct matching of ISO 9001:2015 clauses to the steps mentioned in the change management process:
We identified risks and opportunities and fed these into our risk management processes.
Clause 6.1 (Actions to address risks and opportunities)
We found a suitable supplier.
Clause 8.4 (Control of externally provided processes, products, and services) We monitored customer feedback and noticed an increase in negative feedback about lead times.
Clause 9.1.2 (Customer satisfaction)
We put together a plan for implementation.
Clause 6.2.2 (Planning to achieve quality objectives)
We monitored the performance of the new supplier.
Clause 8.4.2 (Type and extent of control of external providers)
We noticed that productivity targets were being missed.
Clause 9.1.1 (Monitoring, measurement, analysis, and evaluation)
We communicated the plan internally.
Clause 7.4 (Communication)
We looked at the data at the management review and decided we needed to do something different.
Clause 9.3.2 (Management review inputs)
We reorganised the staffing and implemented redundancies.
Clause 7.1.2 (People)
We set an objective to effectively implement the transition and outsource manufacturing.
Clause 6.2.1 (Quality objectives and planning to achieve them)
This aligns the steps of the change process with relevant ISO 9001:2015 clauses related to risk, planning, communication, and monitoring.
문제12
Below are four of the seven principles on which ISO 9000 series are based. Match a potential benefit to each of the quality management principles (QMP).
Below are four of the seven principles on which ISO 9000 series are based. Match a potential benefit to each of the quality management principles (QMP).
정답:
Explanation:
A screenshot of a chat Description automatically generated
According to the ISO 9000:2015 document, the seven quality management principles are:
Customer focus
Leadership
Engagement of people
Process approach
Improvement
Evidence-based decision making
Relationship management
For each principle, the document provides a statement, a rationale, key benefits, and actions you can take to apply the principle in your organization.
Based on the document, here is a possible way to match a potential benefit to each of the four quality management principles you mentioned:
Table
Quality management principle
Potential benefit
Customer focus
Increased revenue and market share
Engagement of people
Enhanced trust and collaboration throughout the organization
Improvement
Enhanced drive for innovation
Evidence-based decision making
Increased ability to demonstrate effectiveness of past actions
문제13
(A third-party audit has been planned at a single-site organisation. The audit team comprises one audit team leader, one auditor and one auditor who is undertaking his first third-party audit.
During the on-site audit, the auditor who is undertaking his first third-party audit shall...)
(A third-party audit has been planned at a single-site organisation. The audit team comprises one audit team leader, one auditor and one auditor who is undertaking his first third-party audit.
During the on-site audit, the auditor who is undertaking his first third-party audit shall...)
정답: A,F
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